INFORMATION CONTROL OVER THE PROCESS OF NATURAL SPAWNING OF VALUABLE AND COMMERCIAL FISH SPECIES OF THE DON RIVER TO PORTABLE ARTIFICIAL SPAWNING MODULES, WITH RECORDING ON ELECTRONIC DATA CARRIERS
INFORMATION CONTROL OVER THE PROCESS OF NATURAL SPAWNING OF VALUABLE AND COMMERCIAL FISH SPECIES OF THE DON RIVER TO PORTABLE ARTIFICIAL SPAWNING MODULES, WITH RECORDING ON ELECTRONIC DATA CARRIERS
Sergey Buryakov
Director of the Small Innovation Enterprise "Live Silver",
Russia, Rostov on Don
Maria Dromova
Associate Professor of Landscape Architecture Department,
Kuzbass State Institute,
Russia, Kemerovo
Natalia Buryakova
Teacher of special subjects of landscape design at Rostov hydrometeorological technical school,
Russia, Rostov on Don
Galina Lipinskaya
Lawyer, Small Innovative Enterprise,
Russia, Rostov-on-Don
Galina Fomenko
Teacher of Chemistry - Biology of MOU SOS #10,
Russia, Rostov on Don
Sergey Tenekov
Head of Patent Department of Small Innovative Enterprise “Live Silver”,
Russia, Rostov on Don
ABSTRACT
In the process of natural spawning of valuable and commercial fish species, on portable artificial spawning modules, electronic control of spawning admission to portable modules - spawning tanks is necessary, in order to obtain economic effect, only selected specimens of swimmering valuable and commercial fish species.
Keywords: valuable and commercial fish species: small weedy fish species, artificial spawning modules, electronic control record of spawning process.
Small Innovative Enterprise “Live Silver”, a successor of Non-Profit Organization Association of Young Scientists “High Technology Development Agency”, with legal right to utilize the patents granted and articles published in scientific and research and scientific and technical journals and collections, including marked as referring to the RSCI scientometric base.
The enterprise takes part in the Food Safety Program of the Russian Federation as adopted by the Government of the Russian Federation with all appropriate tasks to the domestic industrial fish-breeding.
One of the objectives of fish breeding science is development of biological underpinnings for sound control of spawning process of the selected valuable and commercial fish species within the area of permanent spawning to provided 10 portable artificial spawning modules.
These days, the aim of achieving good level of sound control of the fish behavior is proposed to be solved through the application of various excitators, like electricity, sound and light, deriving in applicable combinations.
Portable artificial spawning modules are equipped with acoustic means of motion behavior stimulation of valuable and commercial fish species of the Don River and are applied/used in industrial innovative fish breeding in order to hold/attract the selected/defined valuable and commercial fish species of the Don River to the permanent spawning water areas of open waters.
The proposed method for the preset control of fish behavior consists in the directing of individually selected radiation into the aquatic environment of information hydroacoustic, sound and light signals affecting the selected fish species of the Don River, with a subsequent change in behavioral characteristics. Information signals include information-bearing hydroacoustic frequency and light signals with individually set spectral-energy sound and light timing pulse for physostomous species of Don fish in the selected range from 20 to 3,000 Hz with a sound pressure level of up to 10 Pa/m2, in direct dependence on the defined/selected species composition of the Don fish, which are affected.
Hydroacoustic, sound and light information signals with proposed individual parameters provide selective exposure on the behavior of the above-mentioned fish species of the Don River at an unconditional-reflex level and elicit their proper response of forced motion towards the established places where portable (artificial) spawning modules are installed, as soon as the modules are sources of sound and light flashes. Vibrations of the sound and light pulse generator ultimately affects the visual receptor of the Don fish. It is advisable to develop a scientific framework and introduce a number of critical comments posed by the Department of Preservation and Use of Fauna and Aquatic Biological Resources of the Rostov Region of November 19, 2009.
Among others, the Federal Agency for Fishing industry "Rosrybolovstvo" on the basis of the instructions of the meeting held shall analyze the issues considered. The Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Azov Scientific Research Institute of Fisheries" issued a conclusion dated August 27, 2009 No. 05-06/1295 on paragraph 3. Based on the foregoing, that the presented invention, the portable "Artificial spawning module" is of theoretical and practical interest in the conditions of development of industrial reproduction of anadromous and semi-anadromous fish. In this regard, it is considered reasonable to conduct experimental work on the use of the invention, the portable "Artificial spawning module" on the basis of fishing farms engaged in the system of industrial reproduction of valuable and commercial fish species in open waters of the Rostov region.
In terms of implementation of the recommendation, marked by the Department of Preservation and Use of Fauna and Aquatic Biological Resources of the Rostov Region, it was considered reasonable/ desirable to obtain electronical confirmation of the quality of spawn, of specified (DEFINED) Don fish species, on electronic media, containing the received and recorded information of the actual process of spawning to 10 portable "Artificial spawning modules", which information shall be fixed / recorded on the control panel installed on the high-pass vehicle (so-called loaf). Later, all ten portable "Artificial spawning modules" with spawn are removed from the aquatic environment and transferred to a transportable aquarium with a natural aquatic environment, installed on the high-pass vehicle (so-called loaf).
This allows for smooth achieving high economic indicators, and susequently the release of juveniles of valuable and commercial fish species with obtaining high indicators of the actual number, and ensuring a strong immune system of juvenile fish, thus leaving the productive Don fish spieces be within the natural aquatic environment.
This task is achieved as follows: 10 artificial spawning modules equipped with underwater surveillance cameras and confirming the actual fact of spawning of selected valuable and commercial fish species, shall be installed in certain historical areas of spawning of certain valuable and commercial fish species, with subsequent transfer of the information received for recording to the control panel, installed on the high-pass vehicle on specially equipped cabin.
Artificial spawning modules with impregnated roe of commercial and valuable fish species are transferred to a container installed on a truck platform, filled with saline, for transportation and subsequent installation in industrial aquariums for growing juvenile fish.
Since the transition of the Russian Federation to a market economy, in existing conditions of industrial innovative fish farming (breeding of juveniles of valuable and fast-growing commercial species of Don fish), in the Rostov Region the competiton is faced with seven operating state enterprises for the natural and artificial reproduction of aquatic biological resources, including federal unitary state enterprises subordinate to the Federal Agency for Fishery, namely:
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Rogozhkinsky fish factory" of the Azov region;
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise "VZMORYE Fish-breeding Plant" of the Azov region;
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Aksay-Don fish factory" of the Bogaevsky district;
- "Don sturgeon plant" of the Semikarakorsky district.
There are also Open Joint Stock Companies with 100% shares owned by the Federal Property Management Agency, like RAO "Kulishevskoye fishery" of the Azov region;
- JSC "Sadkovskoye fish farm" of the Semikarakorsky district;
- JSC "Susatsko-Donskoe fish farm" of the Ust-Donetsk region
To compare profitability, in the reporting year 2021, the following fish-breeding enterprises released more than two and a half annual juveniles of sturgeon fish species into Don, the main river of the Rostov region, and into the Taganrog Bay of the Sea of Azov and each Federal State Unitary Enterprise released up to two million yearlings of juveniles of commercial ordinary fish species.
To make profit and be competitive, the small innovative enterprise "Live Silver" will have to focus its efforts on the reproduction of valuable fish species (including those listed in the Red Book of the Rostov Region), namely, Don herring by collecting impregnated roe of Don herring to provided 10 portable artificial spawning modules, in the natural waters of the small Tuzlov River (a tributary of the Don River), leaving intact the productive material of adults from the open waters of the Tuzlov River.
The critical importance of collecting the impregnated roe of the Don herring in natural water conditions is justified by the fact, that during the flood season the Don herring enters the small river Tuzlov with flood water. The danger of spawning is based on the fact that flood water quickly flows back into the Don River, and further into the Sea of Azov. It is visually seen that the main impregnated roe of the Don herring spawn on the rough aquatic coastal vegetation dries quickly and visually looks like dried spawn after the flood water has drained. That is a sufficient ground to use ten artificial spawning modules, equipped with preset light and frequency-sound generators (to attract spawning of Don herring to portable artificial spawning modules).
The Don herring is divided into two subspecies, namely Caspian shad up to 40 centimeters long and Black sea shad up to 20 centimeters long. Females spawn and males impregnate the roe on a portable "Artificial spawning module" at 3rd or 4th year of age, with an approximate number of about 250 thousand pelagic roe corns.
References:
- Lyulko V.G., Tenekov I.S., Bogomolov M.I., Tuchkov K.I., Tenekov A.Yu., Polyvyanov V.V. Patent No. 2.363.152 "Artificial spawning module".
- Kuznetsov M.Yu., Kuznetsov A.Yu. Patent for invention No. 2.352.111 "Method of controlling the behavior of fish.
- Kokhanov Yu.B. Tenekov A.Yu. Tenekov S.I. Drobotov Yu.E. Journal "Fish farming and fishery №-5". City of Moscow 2016.
- Tenekov A.Yu., Tenekov S.I., Polyvyanov V.V. Patent for invention No. - 2.639.784 “Method of natural collection of biologically valuable spawn of valuable fish species on an industrial scale.
- Kokhanov Yu.B. Tenekov S.I. Tenekov A.Yu. Drobotov Yu.E. Continental aquaculture: response to the challenges of time. Proceedings of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference January 21-22, 2016, Moscow “Some inventions for improving the technical means of industrial aquaculture and their approbation”.