HEALTH PROBLEMS OF STUDENTS AND WAYS TO THEIR RECOVERING

HEALTH PROBLEMS OF STUDENTS AND WAYS TO THEIR RECOVERING

Marzhan Karynbayeva

Senior teacher, The Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov,

Kazakhstan, Karaganda

Yuliya Pleshakova

Master of pedagogical sciences, senior teacher The Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov,

Kazakhstan, Karaganda

Daniyar Kussainov

 Head of the Department of Physical Education the Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov,

Kazakhstan, Karaganda

Sabina Mazurik-Dzhabieva

Teacher, The Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov,

Kazakhstan, Karaganda

Dariga Boranbaeva

Senior teacher, The Eurasian National University named after L.N. Gumilyov,

Kazakhstan, Astana

On the basis of the Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov, a comparative analysis was conducted for three years among 1st year students who were released and studied in a special medical group (2004-2005, 2020-2021, 2021-2022). The need for health and high performance is the basic need of mankind. People throughout their existence have been looking for ways to improve health and prolong active life. But since ancient times, a unique and absolutely reliable way to improve health and increase longevity has been known that is physical culture or physical activity of a person. The method that does not require expensive drugs and technical devices, but only willpower of oneself, and then only, after overcoming physical exertion, a feeling of muscle joy comes, a feeling of vigor and recovery in other words – health. [1]

Today, decreasing of the physical activity of people has become a problem in our society.

We do not form the habit of exercising from an early age. People should know that physical activity is a biological need of a human. The need for physical activity should be acquired from an early age. The main foundation in motor activity should be laid by parents, but they, sometimes being overprotective to their child, do not allow him to realize himself. In kindergartens, there are no qualified specialists in Physical Education according to the age limit, and in schools, a lesson of Physical Education is stereotyped and the same. If the boys are somehow engaged, then the girls, in fact, sit on the benches or do not come to class at all. Therefore, applicants with weak physical data and poor health enter the university.

A comparative analysis was carried out according to the certificates provided by the medical commission for those who entered in the 2004-2005 academic year and    students of 2021-2022 studying at the Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov. According to the medical certificates received in 2004, 1,066 out of 2,800 students were identified, which comprises 38%, and in the period from 2020 to 2022 (for the last two years), the total number is 5,379 people, where 1,628 students have a medical commission certificate that is 30.2% with deviations in health. This is 1/3 of the total number of students.

Table 1.

Comparative analysis of the health condition of students of 1-2 courses of KarU named after E.A. Buketov in the period from 2020 to 2022 academic year

According to the data of this table, it is possible to conclude that during and after the COVID-2019 pandemic in 2020-2021, the decrease in the number of sick students can be explained by the fact that physical education classes were offline. Since an offline lesson does not intend physical activity, many students did not provide information about their diseases. However, there is a tendency of increasing the number of sick students every year. It increases not only due to physical inactivity, but due to various external factors that affect a student's health. Turning to the data, over the past two years, those from the number who entered KarU named after E.A. Buketov, the following progressive diseases were identified:

Table 2.

"D", registration on the list of diseases

For just three years, 2694 students were registered: 362-13.4% were deregistered.

The results obtained indicate that more than 1/3 of the students have various diseases. For a decade now, university students have not undergone medical examinations of students. Certificates of exemption from classes in special medical groups are issued by a general practitioner if there is medical commission certificate from the place of residence. We believe that this is not an objective reason for identifying students with health problems. Students should pass medical examinations by highly qualified specialists. For students of a special medical group, a separate gym is required, equipped with sports equipment under the supervision of an exercise therapy doctor.

Therapeutic gymnastics is the foundation of therapeutic physical culture (TPC). It helps to restore temporarily lost individual functions of the body after injury, trauma, illness, surgery, and other conditions.

Therapeutic gymnastics is used in combination with other therapeutic measures for a wide range of conditions.

Its main purpose is to strengthen human health, maintain high levels of physical and mental performance in education and work, and increase activity in labor and social activities.

We have decided to divide all types of health-improving physical culture (depending on the disease) into three groups based on their degree of influence on the body: The first group includes diseases of mild severity (such as low-degree myopia, gastrointestinal tract disorders, acute respiratory diseases, cholecystitis, pyelonephritis, musculoskeletal disorders, and minor traumatic injuries). The second group includes diseases of moderate severity (such as moderate-degree myopia, stomach ulcers, kidney disorders, vegetative-vascular dystonia, mitral valve prolapse, and others). The third group includes diseases of high severity (such as high-degree myopia, diabetes, epilepsy, and individuals with disabilities of all groups). We have developed physical health-improving complexes for all three groups to prevent and restore lost functional abilities of the body through various exercises.

Most of them are specially designed for more targeted and effective impact on individual organs and systems of the body, as well as on the mental and personal characteristics of the individual, enriching their experience in terms of motor skills, aesthetics, emotions, willpower, morality, etc. Combination complex gymnastic exercises are more spectacular and effective.

For a more varied impact on the body, to avoid monotony in training and to adapt to habitual physical stress during years of workouts, it is advisable to temporarily switch from one type of cyclic exercises to another, or to use them in combination. For example, in winter, cross-country skiers can completely switch to another sport (including participation in competitions), while in summer they should definitely use regular running workouts.

Thus, there are a number of problems in the physical education of students with disabilities and students in general. But we think that in the near future these problems will be partially solved. And then we will be able to raise a healthy and physically strong generation. And so, we want to finish our report with the words of the Greek philosopher Aristotle: “Those who quit physical exercises often wither away, because the strength of their organs weakens as a result of the refusal of movements. Nothing exhausts a person but prolonged physical inactivity.”

References:

1. Areshchenko A.I., Lomonosova T.S., Rakhimbayeva G.Kh. Technology of the educational process of Physical Education in a special educational department: Textbook.  – Almaty: Kazakh University, 2000.
2. Danko Yu.M. Zdorovoe telo. - 2010. Tutorial. - Almaty: Kazakh University, 2000.