METHODS OF FORMING AN INTERACTIVE URBAN ENVIRONMENT IN GRAPHIC DESIGN

METHODS OF FORMING AN INTERACTIVE URBAN ENVIRONMENT IN GRAPHIC DESIGN

Igor Lebedev

Master's degree, assistant to the department of architecture and design of urban construction, Tula State University,

Russia, Tula

Lyubov Morozova

Candidate of Technical Sciences, docent, Tula State University,

Russia, Tula

A person's perception of a certain space serves as a certain starting point for his emotional state. Being in their environment, people tend to find order and harmony in it, which are perceived as a whole. Now, in many cities, there is a problem of integrity of the architectural environment and the design filling it, in these two elements, there is more chaos and incoherence than structure and order.

Harmony is found only in some parts of cities and megalopolises, where architectural landmarks and ideas of designers cover huge advertising banners, which in turn could also become objects emphasizing the style of urban environment.

The urban environment and the way it is organized have a great influence on a person's mental state. Consequently its organization can have a significant impact on the activity of people who are in that space.

Nowadays thanks to modern systems it is possible to design spaces taking into consideration not only technical and aesthetic aspects but also to use the accumulated user experience to create a space which allows interacting with people.

By analyzing urban spaces, we can say that there are many opportunities to improve or adjust them.

Through the interaction of design and environment, it is possible to achieve significant results in the development of the urban environment. As an example, we can take one of the districts of Tula, and place posters and visual elements urging to protect the environment and return the batteries to recycling, and set a few containers for collecting batteries, and posters should be in harmony with the urban environment, so place them mainly in the summer.

Usually containers for batteries are filled every day, so we can conclude that people react to the graphics in the environment.

Consider when the aesthetic component fits into the architectural design. For example, when the design involves the presence of visual components in the design.

Here you can place traffic patterns, logos, navigation, and more, This will not only help to navigate within the building, but also prompt a person how to interact in this environment (Figure 1).

Figure 1. Navigation in the urban environment

All this is becoming available thanks to modern technology. Wireless networks, screens projected onto transparent surfaces, and more are becoming more accessible. More and more visual information is becoming available to the user, and due to this user experience is developing, on the basis of which environments are formed, devices are produced, data and projects are created.

Accordingly, we can work out P. Fitts' law can be applied to space. The law says that the farther we are from the target and the smaller it is, the more time it will take to position ourselves.

Let us simulate a situation in which a person is in an unfamiliar area and wants to see a city landmark.

In order to understand how to correctly apply the law, let's understand the task facing the person.  In fact, he must go a certain way and see the goal. We can guide a person from the starting point to the end point thanks to visual communication and navigation screens. Or we can build an urban environment and apply design to it in such a way that everything in it would be laconic and clear, then the beginning and the end point will be clear to a person (Fig. 2).

Figure 2.  Navigation element

Graphic design plays an important role here, because thanks to it we can bring the necessary information to the user, make it clear and easy to perceive. For example, with the help of user interfaces. The bulk of today's interfaces (hereafter the term "interface" is used in the sense of "user interface") are projects of one of the software platforms. The most in-demand platforms -- mobile and desktop OS (operating system), web (browser). In recent years, interfaces have also come to other areas that were previously closed -- "smart" TVs, cars, home appliances, urban environments. So the space we are in is actively expanding both by interacting with the environment through devices.

This trend leads to the search for new knowledge-intensive and high-tech approaches to create the urban environment (Fig. 3).

Figure 3. The use of graphic design in the urban environment

Now graphic design is growing into something more than just product advertising. Graphic design allows you to create a visually comfortable environment for people, it interacts closely with architecture, information technology and industrial design and forms the appearance of the modern environment. As a result, we get two methods of shaping space.

This method of forming a visually comfortable and comfortable for living environment on the basis of the existing urban space.

The key role here is to insert into the urban environment a visual style, that is understandable and comfortable for the perception.  It should complement and improve the existing urban environment.

There is also a method when the space is formed still at the forming stage. For example, in the planning and development of a new district.

Making a conclusion we can say that the perception of the urban environment serves as a criterion of the level of culture of an individual and society as a whole.

The person constantly changes the outer world according to his perception. Emotions and feelings of a person are involved in the perception of city environment, the way he understands and perceives the seen space.

Consequently the perception of city environment is formed under the influence of emotions and the perception of the environment by the person.

Looking in future it is possible to form even more effective space, which will not only influence the person, but also develop him and environment he is in.

References:

1. Efimov A. Design of architectural environment. -M: Architecture-C, 2009.
2. Lebedev A. "Lebedev A., "The Guide"-M.: Artemy Lebedev Studio, 2014. - 535 с.
3. Jones D.K. Design methods - Moscow: Mir, 2015.
4. Mikhailov S., Textbook on the specialty "Design of the architectural environment" - M, 2002 - 260 p., ill.
5. UXtalktokyo [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.uxtalktokyo.com/
6. Material Design [Electronic resource]. URL: https://material.io/guidelines/
7. Jenifer Tidwell. Designing Interfaces, 2nd Edition. Patterns for Effec-tive Interaction Design. - O'Reilly, 2010.
8. Laura Klein UX for Lean Startups: Faster, Smarter User Experience Research and Design. - O'Reilly, 2013.
9. Ovchinnikova R. Design in advertising. Fundamentals of graphic design. - Moscow: Unity-Dana, 2010. - 271 с.
10.  Papanek V. Design for the Real World / Translated from English by G. Severskaya. - Moscow: Publishing House D.Aronov, 2010. - 416с.
11.  Kegan, Marty On the Hook. How to create hit products / Marty Kegan. - Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 2015. - 240 c.
12.  Carpendale, S. UX-design. Idea - sketch - implementation / S. Carpendale, N. Marquardt, B. Buxton. - Moscow: Peter, 2014. - 272 c.