THE MAIN ETHICAL PROFESSIONAL PRINCIPLES OF ACTIVITY AND PERSONAL QUALITIES OF A PSYCHOLOGIST-DIAGNOSTICIAN
THE MAIN ETHICAL PROFESSIONAL PRINCIPLES OF ACTIVITY AND PERSONAL QUALITIES OF A PSYCHOLOGIST-DIAGNOSTICIAN
Anastasiia Chernikina
Master's degree student, 1st year, Department of Preschool Pedagogy, Applied Psychology Faculty: Health Psychology Tolyatti State University,
Russia, Tolyatti
ABSTRACT
This article contains the most important professional and socio-ethical requirements for specialists working in the field of psychodiagnostics, as well as the personal qualities that psychologists should have.
Keywords: psychodiagnostics, professional ethics, confidentiality, personal qualities.
The work of a specialist in the field of psychodiagnostics involves great opportunities to influence people, so such a psychologist should bear a huge responsibility. In this regard, not only professional requirements are imposed on psychologists, but also requirements that are of a socio-ethical nature.
The main idea of psychodiagnostic ethics is to recognize the right of everyone to the inviolability of his mental state. Based on this, certain ethical requirements must be imposed on the work of a psychologist.
In the modern world, there are eight basic ethical principles observed by specialists in the field of psychodiagnostics:
1. Competence. Psychodiagnostic examination is always carried out by qualified specialists who have a higher psychological education and a license to carry out such activities. The psychologist undertakes to solve only those tasks and issues in which he is competent, has an appropriate knowledge base and experience.
2. Responsibility. This principle assumes the responsibility of the diagnostic psychologist for the preservation of mental and somatic health, emotional comfort, and social well-being of the subject during the diagnostic process.
3. Privacy. This principle assumes the non-disclosure of the results of the conducted studies, unless the patient's permission has been obtained, with the exception of conducting psychodiagnostics for scientific purposes as part of the experiment. But even in this case, it is not recommended to disclose the real names of the subjects in the published articles.
4. The scientific validity of the psychodiagnostic technique requires that it, at least, be reliable, supported by a certain evidence base.
5. Non-harming implies that the results of psychodiagnostics should in no way be used against the person who is being examined. In the case of conducting psychodiagnostics for the purpose of competitive selection, this principle is applied together with the principle of openness of the results to the subject. The client needs to explain what methods and tests will be carried out, what results he has shown, as well as who and how will use these results in the future.
6. The objectivity of the conclusions from the test results. All research results should be interpreted using valid and reliable methods. No research should depend on the subjective attitudes of the testing specialists. When choosing a research method for the program, the psychologist is not guided by his personal preferences in evaluating the methods, but proceeds from the requirements of maximum diagnostic efficiency – maximum reliability with a minimum of costs. The psychologist necessarily considers the options for interpreting the data, analyzes, compares, and only then makes any conclusions.
7. The effectiveness of the proposed recommendations tells us that the recommendations given by the psychologist should benefit the patient.
8. Comprehensive diagnostics. When diagnosing the same mental property and increasing the validity of the diagnostic conclusion, it is necessary to combine different methods aimed at related mental properties, use standardized and non-standardized methods, as well as the method of independent expert assessments.
In addition to the above principles, the psychologist must also have a certain set of personal qualities:
-critical and flexible thinking,
-analytical mind,
-sociability,
-sensitivity and goodwill to the subject,
-tolerance for other people's opinions,
-the ability to listen, understand and calm the client,
-tact.
A psychologist must be fluent in speech, have a high culture, expressed not only in professional erudition, but also in the presence of a wide range of interests.
The main qualification requirements for psychologists-diagnosticians:
-good theoretical foundation,
-thorough knowledge of psychodiagnostic techniques and rules of their application,
-the presence of skills in the practical use of appropriate techniques.
A psychologist, a user of psychodiagnostic tools, should know and apply in practice the general theoretical and methodological principles of psychodiagnostics, possess the basics of differential psychometrics, follow the current methodological literature on psychodiagnostics, personally maintain a file library and a library of methods used in this field.
To conduct psychodiagnostic measures, mandatory compliance with the following moral and ethical standards is required:
а) a person may not be subjected to psychological examination against his will or by deception (except in cases of judicial or medical practice stipulated by law);
b) before conducting any psychological examination, a person should be warned that during the testing process, he may unwittingly give out information about himself, his thoughts and feelings that he does not realize;
c) any person, if this is not provided for by law, has the right to get acquainted with the results of their testing, as well as to find out where, by whom and how they can be used;
d) the results of the psychological examination are provided to the subject by the specialist conducting the examination, in a form that is accessible to the correct understanding;
e) when testing minor children, their parents, guardians or guardians have the right to know the methods and results of testing the child;
f) when testing incapacitated adults, their guardians or guardians also have the right to know the methods and results of testing their ward;
g) when conducting testing to determine the level of psychological development or when participating in a competitive selection, a person also has the right to know not only the goals of testing, but also who, how and where will use the results in the future;
g) the main responsibility for the correct application of psychological tests in practice lies with psychologists, organizations and individuals who use them in their practice.
The psychologist is authorized to personally prevent incorrect and unethical applications of psychodiagnostics, as well as to report to the regional or central bodies of the Society of Psychologists on all violations of the normative principles of psychodiagnostics that he has noticed anywhere.
In conclusion, the diagnostic psychologist can be recommended to remember that in all his professional actions he follows the main imperative of his ethical code "Do no harm!". Therefore, compliance with these principles in the work will allow the psychodiagnostic to build effective interaction with the subject, without harming him, but on the contrary, helping to realize themselves and contributing to the harmonious formation of his personality.
References:
- Abramova G. S. Practical psychology. "Academic Project", 2004.
- Burlachuk L. F. Psychodiagnostics: Textbook for universities. - St. Petersburg, 2006
- Panteleeva V. V. Fundamentals of organizational consulting. - Tolyatti, 2013.