FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN THE GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN RUSSIA
FOREIGN LANGUAGE AS PART OF GLOBAL PROCESS OF HIGHER EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA
Galina Skripnik
PhD in Pedagogy, Assistant professor, Far Eastern State Academy of Physical Culture,
Russia, Khabarovsk
Ekaterina Goncharova
Senior lector, Far Eastern State Academy of Physical Culture,
Russia, Khabarovsk
ABSTRACT
The authors draw attention to the importance of a foreign language in the process of communication, the significance of learning foreign languages through translation, the vocabulary accumulation, the ability to interpret it in an adequate translation of authentic texts on physical culture, and sports in a sports university.
Keywords: higher education, foreign language, students, globalization, development.
Rough estimates state that the World speaks about 3 thousand languages. The most common of these is Chinese. It is native to 848 million people; the second language is Spanish, 406 million people; and the third place is occupied by English used by 335 million people.
Spanish was used as the international language of communication and teaching in the 16th–17th centuries. At the beginning of the 18th century, the French language took its place. In the 19th century, the German language also acquired great importance, not least thanks to the high achievements of German scientists of that time. English has established itself as an outstanding language of scientific communication at the end of the 20th century. The development of relations between countries in the XIX, XX, XXI (19, 20, 21) centuries led to the understanding of the choice of the English language for international communication. An international foreign language is a product of globalization and helps a person to receive information in various fields of activity and at different levels [2, p. 21-22].
At first glance, it may seem that globalization has affected exclusively highly developed countries such as the United States, Canada, and the European Union, and therefore the availability of high-quality knowledge of the English language, the language of the leading world powers, is an indispensable condition for the successful development of social relations in other processes.
Purpose of the research: to reveal the ability of adequate translation sports terms in professional texts. Identify student difficulties in translation. The work was carried out with students of a sports university for two years.
Sports terminology represents a large layer of lexicology not completely studied nowadays but providing great interest and opportunities for study. At a sports university, a foreign language is studied in the first year (1 and 2 semesters), in the second, third, and fourth years as an elective discipline. For example, "Sports translator", "Professional English in adaptive physical education", "Scientific translation from English into Russian" and others. All of the above disciplines are important for future specialists in physical culture and sports, their titles emphasizing both general points and specificity in the study of a foreign language [1].
In the process of work, students were given the task of compiling their dictionary with transcription in case of incomprehensible pronunciations and accompanying descriptive translations. Attention was drawn to the fact that track-and-field means, not a track and a field, but a kind of sport, athletics. As seen from experience, any applicable comments from the teacher or making a drawing should be applied.
Draw means a "drawing procedure" in many sports and a "tie score" in football. In curling, this term means "throw" when no other stones are knocked out. Namely, in curling the word “draw” is translated as “game”, “match”.
In athletics, “startingblock” means “foot supports” and “starting platform” in swimming.
Score is translated as "scoreline" in team sports, as "score" in judo, as "sum of points" in field-and-track all-around.
Picking words from sports text enables the student to see and pronounce these new words, memorize and repeat them at any convenient time anywhere.
Translation practice shows, for example, that marking is “coverage”, not “marking”, that postman should be translated in basketball as “center”, that traveling means a “fraud” in basketball, “run through” in handball, and event in sports means "kind of sport".
An interesting example is the word defeat, which is considered a verb and then translated as "to win". If it acts as a noun in a sentence, it should be translated as "loss".
This indicates the existence of the polysemy of a large number of sports words. Such terms are not general sports and even refer to specific sports. Besides, within one sport, the term can have several meanings. The search for the necessary meanings of words in dictionaries does not give a clear understanding of the essence of the translated sentences. The reason is that sports dictionaries are close to nonexistent. As practice shows, students are in great need of them.
Continuous exercises in the translation of sentences, paragraphs, texts from the field of sports allow learning, memorizing, analyzing a fairly large amount of sports vocabulary in English. Such work convinces tutors and the students that, along with exercises to improve English skills, knowledge is needed in professional activity, in sports, training, competitions, etc. When translating, this knowledge can help to understand the context, detect international words, for there are a lot of them in sports texts.
For example, the phrase general manager in hockey, cycling, basketball, speaking about a position in a sports club, will be translated as “general manager”. As far as football is concerned, this will be translated as “senior coach”.
Goalkeeper without a doubt may be translated as both "keeper" and "goalkeeper".
Sweeper is translated in football as 1. "free defender", 2. "last defender, 3." sweeper ". The translator must understand that the words in translation (1,2,3) are synonymous.
If in football the word shot means “blast”, then in basketball it means “block shot”, and in hockey, it means “block a shot”.
"Vault" in gymnastics is called a vault, but in athletics, polevault is a "pole jump".
Having done a lot of translations of sports texts allows concluding that sports vocabulary is not summarized in dictionaries, which are practically absent, as well as separate sports translators. This circumstance requires the creation of English-Russian dictionaries, as well as Russian-English dictionaries for sports.
As soon as they are not there, the students of sports universities experience difficulties in managing translation tasks. The use of technical translators does not meet the requirements of high quality and adequate translation.
Another difficulty in learning a foreign language is the poor competence of students who have just graduated from secondary school.
It is known that according to the requirements of the Bologna Agreement, which Russia entered in 1993 and joined the unified educational European system, in 2010, Russian universities moved to two-level world standards.
The task of teachers, tutors, and trainers is to prepare well-informed, skillful, knowledgeable, having profound knowledge specialists in the field of sports, physical culture, adaptive physical culture, recreation and sports, and health tourism. The study work of regular classes, both in the gym and "at the desk", allows overcoming difficulties in learning a foreign language [3].
It is essential to strengthening the focus on the positive interaction between tutors and students in the implementation of programs and projects of the educational environment of universities.
References:
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- Barlybayev Kh. A. Globalization: theory and practice // Vek globalizatsii. 2008. No. 2. Pp. 21-22.)
- Galchenko S.I. The role of a foreign language in the development of international relations // Uchenye zapiski. Electronic scientific journal of Kursk State University. 2019. No. 4 (52). URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/rol-inostrannogo-yazyka-v-razvitii-mezhdunarodnyh-otnosheniy/ (date of access: 03.09.2021).