INTER-REGIONAL INDUSTRIAL TRANSFORMATIONS: THE IMPORTANCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL INTERACTION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE " ONE BELT-ONE ROAD"
INTER-REGIONAL INDUSTRIAL TRANSFORMATIONS: THE IMPORTANCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL INTERACTION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE "ONE BELT-ONE ROAD"
Victoria Chernyaeva
PhD, Tianjin University of Science and Technology,
P.R.China,Tianjin
Wang Dianhua
Professor, Tianjin University of Science and Technology,
P.R.China,Tianjin
Solongo Lkhagvasuren
Master student, Tianjin University of Science and Technology,
P.R.China,Tianjin
States along the "One Belt and One Road" have different resource endowments and a greater degree of economic complementarities. Among themselves, they have great potential and space for cooperation. The basic idea of the OBOR consists of five connecting elements - political coordination, the interconnection of infrastructure, uninterrupted trade, free movement of capital, and strengthening of closeness between countries.
One of the most important priorities is to promote cooperation in industrial sectors in accordance with the principle of complementarities of advantages, mutual benefit, to stimulate cooperation between states in new industrial sectors, such as information technology of the new generation, biotechnology, new energy sources, and materials, to promote the creation of cooperation mechanisms for venture investments.
The interregional scope of OBOR accounts for 5.7% of world industrial production, more than 14% of the employed. The route length is 8400 kilometers, of which 3,400 km are on the territory of China, and 2800 kilometers and 2200 kilometers are under construction or modernization in Kazakhstan and Russia respectively.
In accordance with targets related to the assessment of the level of efficiency of industrial development and its impact on GDP, special attention in the emerging methodology, in our opinion, should be paid to how the products of industrial enterprises affect the economic and social growth in the country.
This leaves its mark on the activities of enterprises because forcing them to spend significantly greater funds on marketing, modernization of equipment and improvement of technology, improvement of product quality, etc. In accordance with international standards, a comprehensive assessment of the efficiency of activity of industrial enterprises should include an assessment of the contribution of the corresponding Institute in the sustainable economic development of the country to ensure ecological safety and the solution of social problems.
A key role in building long-term industrial policy should be given to ensuring the innovation model and its synchronization at the scale of integration. «Achieving this level of integration will require, first of all, solving problems in the scientific and technological sphere at the national level. Most of the strategic documents of the cooperative countries emphasize the need for technological renewal of traditional sectors. In addition, the increased activities in the creation, evaluation, and development of new promising markets» [1, p. 90].
Focusing on the initiatives in the field of light industrial cooperation, the cooperation project should focus on the following tasks:
- improvement of regulatory measures to support industry, taking into account current trends, in particular, the digitalization of industry and the spread of advanced production technologies;
- development and launch of initiatives to stimulate the production of less resource-intensive and more energy-efficient industrial products;
- accelerated introduction of innovative products to the foreign market;
- simplification of access to financing of projects in industry, the launch of pilots;
- creation of single information space for the light industry;
- intensification of cooperation with third countries and integration associations in order to gain access to new markets and increase exports of the partner-countries.
At the same time, a differentiated approach is needed at the level of individual technological chains and narrower segments that take into account the peculiarities of the economic, social, industrial, and spatial development of participants.
Digitization is radically changing the face of manufacturing companies. «Digital factories are transforming manufacturing, so companies are implementing innovative technologies, they looking for professionals with fundamentally different types of qualifications» [2, p. 56]. New digital factories are being created to produce highly customized products and systems with key messages of innovations (Figure 1).
Figure 1. Digital factories 2020: key messages
Key messages of key factories 2020 including: top management must lead digital transformation digital workforce should be created – these two key messages are under the responsibility of people; companies make smarter decisions using predictive data analytics and machine learning; technologies like robots, digital twins drive learner and more productive operations; connecting factories internally and externally through an integrated MES is essential – these key messages belong to technologies. Strategic points are: high on management agenda (91% of industrial companies are investing in digital factories); digitization supports customer centricity and regional manufacturing; digital factories strengthen the brand. As summary, the benefits from digital factories are: companies expect efficiency gains of 12% over five years, and the full digital cycle of production with high quality and comprehensive control.
«These include big data analytics solutions, end-to-end, real-time planning, and connectivity, autonomous systems, digital twinning, and worker argumentation. These technologies provide significant efficiency gains and allow companies to produce highly customized products» [3, p. 79]. But the full effect of digitization is realized if companies are interconnected with their suppliers, partners, and customers.
While automation can play an important role in increasing productivity and reducing costs in the service sector, production management automation is most common in manufacturing. In recent years the following types of automation have been used in the field of production (Figure 2).
Figure 2. Use of connectivity technologies in world industry and big data analytics / % /
The analysis shows that, predictive maintenance in comparison with the present use will increase in five years by 38% of growth, and from 28% will be 66% in use; big data driven process and quality optimization today is 30% of use, as the forecast it will increase by 35% and at the end will be 65% of use in five years; process visualization/automation now 28% of use, will increase by 34% and become as 62% of use in five years; connected factory now is 29% of use, will increase by 31%, and will be 60% of use in 5 years; integrated planning now is 32% of use, will increase by 29%, will be 61% of use in five years; data-enabled resources optimization now 52% of use, will increase by 25%, will be 77% of use in five years; digital twin of the factory now 19% of use, will increase by 25%, will be 44% of use in five years; digital twin of the production asset is 18%, will increase by 21%, will be 39% of use in five years; digital twin of the product now 23% of use, will increase by 20% , will be 43% of use in five years, autonomous intra-plant logistics now 17%, will increase by 18% , will be 35% of use in five years; flexible production methods now 18%, will increase by 16%, will be 34% of use in five years; transfer of production parameters now 16% of use, will increase by 16%, will be 32% of use in five years; modular production assets 29% now, will increase by 7%, will be 36% of use in five years, fully autonomous digital factory now 5% of use, will increase by 6%, will be 11% of use in five years. Summary: on the top of use now and will be in the future: predictive maintenance; bog data process and quality optimization; the process of visualization/automation; connected factory; integrated planning; and data-enabled resource optimization.
It is necessary to optimize the distribution of technologies in the production chain and promote the coordinated development of all links in the industry chain and related industries, to stimulate the creation of research, production, and marketing systems, to increase the auxiliary capacity and competitiveness of the regional industry.
References:
- Panova, Y., Hilletoft H, P. Feasibility of European manufacturing located in China to Russia [M]. Operations and Supply Chain Management, 2017 (04): 90.
- Yuan, H To the issue of foreign direct investment in the context of globalization [J], Modern aspects of the economy, 2014:56.
- Li Xiangyang. The construction of "One Belt One Road" should become a priority relationship [J]. International Economic Review, Beijing, China, 2015:79.